Microbes are microscopic living organisms that can only be seen through a microscope.
They exist everywhere — from the deepest depths of the ocean to the edges of outer space!
Many microbes thrive in environments where oxygen is scarce, such as inside the digestive systems of herbivores. In particular, the stomachs of these animals host anaerobic gut fungi — a unique group of fungi that live and grow without oxygen. These remarkable organisms help their hosts break down tough plant materials that few others can digest. Beyond their natural role, anaerobic gut fungi also hold great potential for sustainable chemical production, bioremediation, and natural product discovery.